What is the predictive value of ST segment depression in inferior leads in first acute anterior myocardial infarction?

Background

Electrical phenomenon and remote myocardial ischemia are the main factors of ST segment depression in inferior leads in acute anterior myocardial infarction (AAMI). We investigated the prognostic value of the sum of ST segment depression amplitudes in inferior leads in patients with first AAMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. (PPCI).

Short-Term Prognosis of Myocardial Injury,Type 1, and Type 2 Myocardial Infarction in the Emergency Unit

BACKGROUND

Type 2 myocardial infarction and nonischemic myocardial injury, corresponding to troponin elevation without atherothrombosis, are emerging concepts suspected of being common in emergency departments (ED). However, their respective frequencies, risk profiles, and short-term prognoses remain to be investigated.

Synthesis and Characterization of Four‐Arm Star Polystyrene Based on a Novel Tetrafunctional RAFT Agent

Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) is a very versatile polymerization technique whereby the topology of the final polymer can be tailored using specific RAFT agents. The tetrafunctional RAFT agent, tetrabenzyl(1,3‐dithietane‐2,2,4,4‐tetrayl)­tetracarbanotrithioate, has not previously been used to synthesize polymers. Poly­styrene (PS) is synthesized using this tetrafunctional RAFT agent and advanced characterization is performed using spectroscopic and separation methods. In situ ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) are used to determine the topology of the resultant PS. The polymerization is followed by in situ ¹H NMR, using styrene‐d₈ rather than hydrogenous styrene. In situ ¹H NMR spectra show that the RAFT agent is incorporated into the polymer as a terminal group. Aminolysis of the star‐shaped PS is performed and the SEC and NMR results before and after aminolysis are compared. These results indicate that the expected star‐shaped topology of the polymer is achieved.

     

基于胰岛素泵治疗的院内血糖管理现状调查分析

目的 调查广州市某三级甲等综合医院基于胰岛素泵治疗的院内血糖管理现状。方法 分析286例实施胰岛素泵治疗患者餐前、餐后2 h血糖(2 hour postprandial blood glucose,2h PBG)检测率,高血糖、低血糖及严重低血糖发生情况,对比非内分泌科与内分泌科的差异。 结果 非内分泌科胰岛素泵治疗的患者餐后2 h血糖检测率为33.12%,糖基化血红蛋白检测率为75.16%,均明显低于内分泌科患者(χ²=94.272,P<0.001; χ²=37.104,P<0.001)。非内分泌科低血糖与严重低血糖密度明显高于内分泌科,其中外科低血糖密度最高。非内分泌科与内分泌科使用胰岛素泵患者血糖总达标率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.697,P=0.101),非内分泌科不同科室患者血糖总达标率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=18.900,P=0.002)。结论 非内分泌科应加强对胰岛素泵治疗患者的血糖监测,结合科室特点积极预防低血糖的发生,降低院内血糖管理风险,提升血糖达标率。     

2007年至2009年北京市居民急性心肌梗死住院病死率及其分布特征的研究

目的:分析2007年至2009年北京市户籍人口25岁以上人群急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者住院病死率及其分布特征。方法:研究资料来源于北京市公共卫生信息中心的北京市出院病人信息系统。AMI住院病死率指住院期间因AMI死亡的患者占所有AMI住院患者的比例。结果:2007年至2009年北京市户籍人口25岁以上人群因AMI住院者共35 335例,其中男性占68.2%。3年中AMI患者平均住院病死率为10.0%,女性为14.3%,高于男性的7.9%(P<0.001)。在二级医院住院的AMI患者的住院病死率高于三级医院者(11.4%比9.0%,P<0.001),中医医院高于西医医院者(17.5%比9.5%,P<0.001)。ST段抬高AMI患者住院病死率高于非ST段抬高患者(9.4%比8.4%,P<0.001)。住院期间未接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗者的住院病死率,明显高于接受该治疗者(14.4%比1.9%,P<0.001)。2007年、2008年和2009年北京市AMI年龄标化住院病死率分别为10.7%、9.8%和9.4%,3年间下降了12.1%,男女两性分别下降了11.1%和10.7%。结论:目前北京市AMI住院病死率仍然较高,但近3年来逐年下降,提示北京市AMI住院期间救治水平总体提高。不同特征AMI患者的住院病死率存在差异。研究结果为进一步改善北京市AMI的住院治疗水平提供了依据。     

Prognostic factors and predictive model for in-hospital mortality following hip fractures in the elderly

Purpose

The incidence of hip fractures is increasing within the aging population. Our objective was to identify and quantify the risk factors and develop a predictive model for the in-hospital mortality among hip fracture patients older than 65 years.

ELEVATED SOLUBLE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR LEVEL IN PITUITARY ADENOMA AND CARCINOMA

Objective To investigate effect of the soluble epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR/sErbB1) level in the peripheral blood in development, invasiveness, apoplexy of each type of pituitary tumor.Methods The sEGFR level was determined in peripheral serum from 190 patients with pituitary diseases by enzyme linked immunosobent assay. The sEGFR levels were measured in 10 pituitary Rathke's pouch, 18 pituitary hyperplasia, 161pituitary adenomas including 30 microadenomas, 83 large adenomas, 48 giant adenomas, 1 pituitary carcinoma, and 28 healthy controls.Results In the patients with pituitary hyperplasia, microadenoma, large adenoma, giant adenoma, and pituitary carcinoma, the sEGFR level was 188.92 32.62, 209.83 19.01,333.20 69.33, 405.85 37.38, and 617.45 fmol/mL independently. They were all significantly higher than patients with pituitary Rathke's pouch (156.78 18.24 fmol/mL, P ＜ 0.001)and healthy control group (159.11 40.50 fmol/mL, P ＜ 0.05). The sEGFR level in pituitary carcinoma was higher than pituitary adenoma. In patients with pituitary adenoma, the sEGFR level was positive correlated to the size of pituitary adenomas (r = 0.998), the significant difference was observed for the sEGFR level in each group of the patients with pituitary adenomas (P ＜ 0.001). Furthermore, in patients with pituitary ACTH-secrefing microadenomas, the serum sEGFR levels in invasiveness (295.00 77.80 fmol/mL) was higher than that in non-invasiveness (210.60 16.4 fmol/mL, P ＜ 0.05). In patients with pituitary ACTH-secreting, PRL-secreting, GH-secreting, and non-functioning large adenomas, the serum sEGFR levels in invasiveness (407.86 28.50, 399.25 30.10, 386.00 13.08, and 369.25 36.70 fmol/mL) was higher than that in non-invasiveness (335.25 63.49, 300.64 47.57, 297.00 61.93, and 269.30 25.68 fmol/mL) respectively (P ＜ 0.05). In patients with invasive pituitary PRL-secreting, GH-secreting, and non-functioning giant adenomas, the serum sEGFR levels not significantly different in between invasiveness (417.50 35.94, 409.50 69.14, and 417.50 44.13 fmol/mL) and noninvasiveness (386.00 49.64, 417.50 44.03, and 409.51 35.17 fmol/mL) (P ＞ 0.05). In patients with pituitary large adenomas, the sEGFR levels in pituitary apoplexy (377.48 39.18 fmol/mL) was higher than that in non-pituitary apoplexy(343.18 68.17 fmol/mL, P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The increased level of peripheral serum sEGFR is concomitant with development, proliferous size of the adenomas in patients with pituitary adenomas. In addition, the elevated levels of serum sEGFR occur in pituitary apoplexy as clinical active tumors, and the non-invasive ACTH secreting adenomas. The sEGFR levels could be differentiated helpfully between pituitary adenomas and non-pituitary adenomas. These data suggest that serum sEGFR could be as a referable marker of the size and activation of proliferation in pituitary adenoma.     

四妙丸加减对痛风性关节炎的治疗效果及对实验室指标的影响

目的:探讨四妙丸加减对痛风性关节炎的治疗效果及对实验室指标的影响。方法:选取2014年12月至2017年8月延安市人民医院收治的痛风性关节炎患者98例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组49例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上采用四妙丸加减方治疗,2组均连续治疗1个月。统计2组患者临床疗效;比较治疗前后2组中医证候积分及相关实验室指标。结果:治疗后观察组的总有效率为89.80%,显著高于对照组的79.59%(P0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后2组关节疼痛、肿胀、发红、关节功能受限及全身症状等中医证候积分均显著下降(P0.01),且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01);与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者血清IL-6、IL-8、CRP、TNF-α及全血BUA、ESR、WBC水平均显著下降(P0.01),且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。结论:四妙丸加减治疗痛风性关节炎可降低患者炎性反应因子及相关实验室指标水平,显著缓解患者关节症状,临床疗效优于单用西药治疗。     

血清药理学方法体外实验系统的血清添加量问题

为了解不同血清添加对体外培养细胞系的影响,采用MTT法分别检测含红参、黄芪血清不同添加量对胚鼠皮肤成纤维细胞（3T3）增殖的影响。结果：含红参血清在与血浓度相等的条件下有明显的抑制细胞增殖的作用,延长培养时间在较低添加量时也呈现抑制作用;含黄芪血清在低血清添加量时对细胞的增殖呈促进作用,在高添加量下呈抑制作用。提示：在体外反应系统中,通过适当的增加血清添加量来提高药物浓度是可行的。     

Defining the impact of weakly estrogenic chemicals on the action of steroidal estrogens.

We tested whether bisphenol A (BPA) or o,p'-DDT, when combined with 17beta-estradiol (E2), would contribute to the overall mixture effect using a yeast reporter gene assay, the yeast estrogen screen. Following comprehensive concentration-response analyses of the single agents, the pharmacologically well-founded models of concentration addition and independent action were used to predict entire concentration-response relationships for mixtures of the agents with a variety of fixed mixture ratios, assuming additivity. For molar mixture ratios proportional to the levels normally found in human tissues (i.e., below 1:5000, E2:BPA or o,p'-DDT), these predictions suggest that the effects of individual xenoestrogens are too weak to create an impact on the actions of steroidal hormones. However, at mixture ratios more in favor of the xenoestrogens, a significant contribution to the overall mixture effect was predicted. The predictions were tested experimentally. The observed combined effects of mixtures of E2 with either BPA or o,p'-DDT did not deviate from the additivity expectation. On combining E2 with either BPA or o,p'-DDT at approximately equieffective concentrations corresponding to molar mixture ratios between 1:20,000 and 1:100,000 (E2:BPA or o,p'-DDT), substantial modulations of the effects of E2 became discernible. The assumption that weak xenoestrogens are generally unable to create an impact upon the already strong effects of endogenous steroidal estrogens is not supported by our observations. Our studies indicate that the potential health implication of additive combination effects between xenoestrogens and steroidal estrogens deserve serious consideration.